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Because stress affects human health and performance, we must learn to control it before it controls us.  

Introduction

Stress is inherent in our lives from the day we are born to the day we die. Nowhere is stress more important than in the life of college students. As stress in an integral part of our lives, there is no way of escaping it. In essence, then, complete freedomBIZ_18.GIF (25864 bytes) from stress is death. The important paradox, however, is that stress plays a "key" role in our daily lives, influencing, if not governing, happiness, productivity and health.

It has been said that stress is a major contributing cause in 75% of all human illnesses. It is estimated that 20 million Americans have severe chronic stress-induced physical illnesses. Economically speaking, it is estimated that production loss from stress-induced physical illnesses have been put at a minimum of $60 billion annually.

Eustress
A positive response to stressors in college students' environment results in eustress. As mentioned before, Eustress is a result of successfully coping with a stressor and it is made possible when college students' coping skills are well developed and functional for their tasks at hand. As seen in the diagram, eustress can be: productive; useful; and/or strengthening. Useful and productive examples of eustress include in the theater where stress helps performers to give their best by stimulating them to perform at optimal levels; and in sports, where stress in some cases helps athletes to be successful.

Distress
A negative response to stressors in college students' environment results in distress . It results from feelings of being unable to cope with a stressor. In short, students' coping skills prove to be inadequate in meeting the stress load or demand perceived from stressors. Stress or distress is customarily nonproductive; damaging; and/or destructive. The possible outcomes of such distress can, therefore include: mental and/or physical breakdown of the individual (e.g., college student).

Sources Of Stress For College Students

College students are likely to experience stress in many ways. These potential sources of stress are referred to as stressors. Some of these stressors include the following:

Academic demands
Developing friendships
Financial obligations
Adjusting to a new environment
Roommate problems
Transportation problems
Time management
Class/course selections
Interpersonal problems
Homesickness
Pressures from parents
Pressures placed on self
Eating problems
Studying problems
Problems with the administration
Crime
Fear of failure
Fear of success
Career decisions
Problems with drugs/substance abuse
Not getting sufficient sleep
Not getting sufficient exercise
Job interviews
Not keeping up with classes .

Recognizing Your Stress Signals

After identifying potential stressor areas in your life, the next step is to listen to your body. Why? Perhaps one of the most important steps in managing stress is to recognize its presence before it can do you harm. When a car engine overheats or the oil or gas are low, an indicator light comes on signaling a malfunction. In the case of human beings, however, when they feel the early signals of stress, the majority are usually unaware of what is happening to them. Although these signals may vary somewhat from individual to individual, the following represent frequently experienced stress signals:

Light headiness
Dilated Pupils
Muscle Tension in Neck and Shoulders
Inability to sleep or waking up too early
Fast and Shallow Breathing
Heart Palpitations
Queasy Stomach
Clammy Cold Hands
Weak Knees
Excessive Sweating
Some Digestive Problems
Eating too Much
Drinking too Much

In addition to these signals, prolonged exposure to stress can result in feelings of anxiety and depression. These may be evidenced as restlessness, boredom, edginess and the inability to concentrate. If these and others signals or symptoms persist, you should seek the services of a qualified care-giver (e.g., a school counselor). For a more detailed listing and categorization of stressors, See The Basics of Stress.

Some Stress Management Tips

College students can select from a variety of strategies as to which technique or combination of techniques will work the best for managing their stress. In many cases, it involves trying various approaches and techniques until one or a combinations of ones work the best. What follows are some such techniques students can choose from. For more information on stress management strategies, See The Basics of Stress.

Eat well balanced diets, preferably from the five food groups
Develop assertive behaviors
Get an annual physical examination
Avoid unnecessary competition
Get a hobby
Select your classes wisely
Know your own reactions to stress
Know what is stressful for you
Find a quite place to study
Exercise regularly
Sleep regularly
Relax and have some fun
Laugh whenever you can
Loosen up and don't take everything too seriously
Manage your finances carefully
Set realistic goals for yourself
Set priorities for yourself
Find someone you can talk to when times get a little rough
Make weekly schedules and try staying with it as much as you can
Plan ahead
Learn to use your time wisely
Avoid procrastination
Give yourself ample time to study for exams
When things don't seem to be working out, take a relaxing walk
Find a relaxation strategy or strategies that work best for you
Breath in slowly and exhale slowly
Outline chapters and make notes before and during classes
Have a dialogue with your professors, especially when your grades are falling
Have confidence in yourself

See Stress-Related Posters on Stress Management Tips for College Students.

Other Resources

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Stress is experienced by college students at different educational levels, but colleges can help reduce its destructive forms. There are explanations of why students perform badly under stress, such as   ED284514 1985-00-00   [http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed284514.html]

 

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